What does a Hemogram test for?

The hemogram is basically a blood test that is responsible for evaluating the concentration of all cellular elements found in it. In the same way, check if they have the structure and shape considered normal, or if they are altered in any way.

Composition of blood

Blood contains 3 basic types of cells, these are:

Platelet series:

Series composed, as the name implies, by platelets, also known as thrombocytes, this series is directly connected with blood clotting. The hemogram measures platelets in quantity and volume, the data of which also varies according to the age of the patient.

Leukocyte or white series:

This series is made up of white blood cells (also called leukocytes) this series is responsible for defending the body against infections and its reaction to certain substances. In general, the values ​​vary according to the age of the patient who undergoes the blood count.

Erythrocyte or red series:

Its name refers to red blood cells or red blood cells, these are responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to cells and tissues throughout the body. The hemogram will be in charge of quantitatively calculating the number of red blood cells in the blood, as well as the number of erythrocyte indices, the hematocrit and the

How is the blood count done?

To perform this test it is not necessary for the patient to be fasting. After disinfection of the area, about 4cc of blood is extracted from the patient, then pressure is applied to the point where the needle penetrated and it is checked that there is no bleeding. Blood is usually drawn from veins at the flexure of the elbow.

What factors could interfere with the CBC result?

Factors may vary by series, such as:

Platelet series:

· The value of platelets could rise a considerable amount with the realization of demanding or very intense exercises.

· There are some medications that could, depending on the case, increase or decrease platelets in a noticeable way.

· Living in high altitude places could also cause changes in platelets, raising them above the normal level of them.

Leukocyte or white series:

· Being during the last weeks of pregnancy or even during delivery could raise the number of leukocytes above the normal level of them.

· There are some medications that could, depending on the case, increase or decrease the number of leukocytes markedly.

· Stress can raise the number of white blood cells.

· Some foods can also raise your white blood cell count.

· Exercise or physical activity can raise your white blood cell count.

· People who have gone through the process of having an arm removed may have a higher and more persistent white blood cell count than is considered normal.

Red erythrocyte series:

· Dehydration could affect the values ​​since dehydration can also affect the blood.

· Hemodilution, which is the opposite of dehydration, consists of excess water in the blood and therefore alters the values ​​of the red series.

· Pregnancy produces Hemodilution and therefore also represents a notorious alteration of results.

· There are some medications that could reflect changes in the normal values ​​of the red series.

· Living at high altitudes could also affect red blood values.

· Bleeding just prior to testing can also disrupt normal red series values.

What is the hemogram for and when to do it?

The blood count is used to guide the doctor, who suspects some diseases thanks to the physical examination or due to the patient's medical history.

In some cases the data offered by the hemogram are sufficient to determine the disease that the patient presents, with them it is also possible to confirm or rule out any disease and in many other cases more information is necessary and therefore it is also necessary to perform many other tests that do not give rise to doubts or false diagnoses, which would affect the patient.

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